Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias silicon yog lub ntsiab 14 nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thiab lub thib ob ntau tshaj lub caij nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub crust, accounting rau kwv yees li 25% ntawm nws tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Silicon tsis muaj nyob hauv lub xeev dawb hauv qhov xwm txheej; Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm silicates. Polysiloxanes thiab lawv cov derivatives yog cov polymers tsim ntawm silicon, carbon, hydrogen, thiab oxygen, thiab tej zaum kuj muaj nitrogen thiab sulfur. Peb caug xyoo dhau los, polysiloxanes thiab lawv cov derivatives tau siv dav hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv tu tus kheej, suav nrog tshuaj zawv plaub hau, tshuaj kho mob, ntau yam khoom tu plaub hau, thiab cov khoom pleev xim. Lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua kom txias thiab tiv thaiv cov plaub hau thiab tawv nqaij, thaum tseem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm ntau pua ntawm cov hloov kho polysiloxanes thiab sawv cev rau ib qho ntawm - kawg, siab - cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev ib ce tam sim no muaj nyob hauv khw.
I. Basic Properties
2. Physicochemical Properties
(1)
Polydimethylsiloxane yog siv dav tshaj plaws, tsis yog -reactive, thiab unmodified dimethylsiloxane polymer, feem ntau hu ua silicone roj. Raws li nws cov txheeb ze molecular loj, nws cov tsos yog txawv los ntawm ib tug tsis muaj kob thiab pob tshab volatile kua (xws li 1 cSt kua) mus rau ib tug siab heev - viscosity kua (<1,000,000 cSt) or silica gel (>40,000,000 IB).
(2) viscosity
Cov khoom lag luam muaj polydimethylsiloxanes tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, cov kua roj oily nrog viscosities xws li 1 txog 1,000,000 cSt. Feem ntau siv polydimethylsiloxanes muaj viscosities li ntawm 100 txog 300,000 cSt. Lub viscosity ntawm polydimethylsiloxane muaj feem xyuam rau ob qho tib si cov txheeb ze molecular mass (Mr) thiab molecular loj faib ntawm cov polymer. Qhov xav tau viscosity tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj hwm Mr thaum lub sijhawm polymerization lossis los ntawm kev sib xyaw polydimethylsiloxanes nrog cov viscosities sib txawv.
(3)
Lub viscosity ntawm polydimethylsiloxane hloov me ntsis nrog qhov kub thiab txias thiab tseem ua kua nyob rau ntau yam ntawm cov txheeb ze molecular masses. Tsawg-Mr polydimethylsiloxane coj tus cwj pwm zoo li Newtonian kua, hos thaum Mr tshaj 35,000, nws nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej tsis yog-Newtonian.
3. Kev ruaj ntseg
Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) feem ntau resistant rau tej yam khoom thiab ib puag ncig yam, xws li UV hluav taws xob, tshav kub, thiab oxidation, whereas hydrocarbons rhiab heev rau cov teebmeem no. Piv nrog rau hydrocarbons, PDMS polymers muaj ntau dua thermal thiab oxidative stability. Qhov kev ruaj ntseg siab no tshwm sim los ntawm lub zog ntawm Si-O-Si daim ntawv cog lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, PDMS polymers kuj ua tau zoo heev tsis tshua muaj - qhov kub thiab txias, nrog rau qhov dej ntawm -60℃thiab iav hloov kub ntawm -120℃.
Vim yog lub zog tsis muaj zog ntawm polydimethylsiloxane, nws nthuav tawm qhov nro qis, muaj roj diffusion coefficient siab, thiab kev sib kis tau zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, polydimethylsiloxane polymers tsis hloov pauv tuaj yeem kis mus rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab lwm cov substrates. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no muaj qhov permeability siab, tso cai rau cov pa oxygen, carbon dioxide, thiab dej vapor dhau mus. Cov cuab yeej no yog ib qho laj thawj vim li cas nws tau siv dav hauv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij thiab pleev xim.
Daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce sib txawv
1. Cov khoom siv tawv nqaij
(1) Lub ntsej muag / Lotion:Kho cov khoom sib xws, txhim kho cov kev xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov, thiab ua kom ntev - muaj peev xwm moisturizing ntev.
(2) Sunscreen:Txhim kho zaj duab xis- ua kom nrawm, txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshav ntuj, thiab txhim kho cov dej tsis zoo thiab hws- tiv taus kev ua haujlwm.
(3) Serum:Ua raws li cov khoom siv thauj khoom, pab cov khoom xyaw nquag nkag mus tob thaum txo cov khoom nplaum.
(4) Qhov muag Cream:Txo kev sib txhuam ntawm cov tawv nqaij mos nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag thiab pab txo qis qhov tob ntawm cov kab zoo los ntawm kev txhuam.
2. Kev lag luam pleev xim
(1) Foundation/Concealer:Txhim kho qhov kev sib kis ntawm cov mis, ua rau pleev ntau adherent thiab tsis tshua muaj creasing.
(2) Lipstick / Lip Gloss:Ua kom lub smoothness ntawm cov mis, txo dryness, thiab txhim kho daim ntawv thov kev nplij siab.
(3) Mascara:Txhim kho qhov adhesion ntawm cov mis thiab cov plaub muag thaum siv cov khoom siv hydrophobic kom ua tiav cov dej tsis zoo thiab tawm hws- cov teebmeem tiv thaiv.
(4) Eyeshadow / Blush:Txo cov hmoov poob tawm thiab txhim kho cov xim xim thiab ua kom ntev - hnav ntev.
3. Cov khoom kho plaub hau
(1) Shampoo/Conditioner:Adheres rau saum npoo ntawm cov plaub hau cuticles, ua rau thaj chaw puas, thiab txo kev sib txhuam- cuam tshuam cov plaub hau puas.
(2) Hair Mask / Essential Oil:Tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo uas tiv thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm cov dej noo ntawm cov plaub hau thiab ua kom ci.
(3) Styling khoom:Muab cov nyhuv styling lub teeb yuag thaum txo kev puas tsuaj los ntawm siab - cov cuab yeej styling kub.
4. Cov khoom siv tu thiab tu lub cev
(1) Da Dej Gel / Tes Soap:Txo qhov khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv tom qab ntxuav kom tsis txhob qhuav thiab nruj.
(2) Shaving Cream:Ua raws li cov roj nplua nyeem kom txo tau kev sib txhuam ntawm rab chais thiab daim tawv nqaij, yog li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txiav.
Kev ceev faj rau kev siv
(1) Ntev- lub sij hawm ntev thiab siv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau cov pores. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom no ua ke nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav tes uas muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo. Vim lawv qhov xwm txheej hydrophobic, silicone-raws li cov tshuaj tsis yooj yim rinsed nrog dej ib leeg, yog li kev siv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce rau kev ntxuav kom huv.
(2) Cov tshuaj Organosilicon degrade qeeb qeeb hauv ib puag ncig ntuj. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov khoom uas muaj cov qauv biodegradable thaum twg los tau.
(3) Ua ntej thawj zaug - siv sijhawm, nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov ntsuas patch rau ntawm thaj chaw me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij, xws li qab pob ntseg, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua tsis haum.
