Peb hom sib txawv ntawm qis-hydrogen silicone roj: sab hydrogen ntsiab lus, davhlau ya nyob twg hydrogen, thiab kawg- sab hydrogen

Peb yam sib txawv ntawm -hydrogen silicone roj yog dab tsi?

Sab hydrogen ntsiab lus, davhlau ya nyob twg hydrogen, thiab kawg -sab hydrogen

Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb: Txoj hauj lwm ntawm Active Hydrogen (Si-H)

Cov pob txha ntawm cov roj silicone yog tsim los ntawm alternating silicon (Si) thiab oxygen (O) atoms. Qee cov methyl pawg (-CH₃) txuas rau silicon atoms yog hloov los ntawm hydrogen atoms (-H), tsim cov reactive silicon-hydrogen bonds (Si-H). Raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm Si-H daim ntawv cog lus ntawm cov saw hlau molecular, cov roj silicone tuaj yeem raug cais raws li hauv qab no:

Sab -hydrogen hom qis-hydrogen silicone roj

Terminal-hydrogen hom qis-hydrogen silicone roj

Terminal-sab-hydrogen hom qis-hydrogen silicone roj

1. Sab-Hydrogen Hom Tsawg-Hydrogen Silicone Roj

. Molecular Structure Yam ntxwv: Active hydrogen (Si-H) feem ntau yog txuas rau sab pawg ntawm cov pob txha molecular. Nws tuaj yeem xav txog qhov ntev siloxane saw nrog ntau Si-H pawg loj hlob raws nws "lub cev". Nws cov qauv qauv yog (CH₃)HSiO.

Simplified Structure Formula:

(CH₃)₃SiO-[(CH₃)₂SiO]ₐ-[(CH₃)HSiO]ₑ-Si(CH₃)₃

(Qhov twg ₑ sawv cev rau tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogen- muaj ntu, txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus hydrogen)

. Chemical Properties:

High Crosslinking Density: Txhua cov saw molecular feem ntau muaj ntau qhov Si-H cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cov Lus Teb Tseem Ceeb: Si-H daim ntawv cog lus feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov molecules lossis polymers uas muaj cov ntawv cog lus tsis txaus ntseeg (xws li pawg yas) los ntawm hydrosilylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tsim ib lub network sib txuas.

. Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:

Crosslinking tus neeg saib xyuas (kho tus neeg sawv cev) rau ntxiv - hom kua silicone roj hmab: Qhov no yog nws thawj daim ntawv thov. Nws tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv nrog qhov kawg -vinyl silicone roj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm platinum catalyst, txuas cov linear silicone roj molecular chains rau hauv peb- qhov sib txawv network qauv, yog li ua tiav kev kho. Tus nqi thiab hydrogen cov ntsiab lus ntawm sab -hydrogen silicone roj ncaj qha tswj cov crosslinking ceev thiab hardness ntawm silicone roj hmab.

Textile finishing: Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo, nws cov Si-H daim ntawv cog lus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov hydroxyl pawg ntawm cov fiber ntau nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov catalyst los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis muaj zog.

Daim ntawv tiv thaiv- nplaum: Siv hauv kev tsim cov ntawv tso tawm / zaj duab xis.

2. Hydrogen-Terminated Tsawg-Hydrogen Silicone Roj

. Molecular Structure Yam ntxwv: Active hydrogen (Si-H) nyob rau ntawm ob kawg ntawm cov saw molecular. Xav txog tias nws yog siloxane saw nrog Si-H pawg ntawm ob "lub taub hau" thiab "tail".

Simplified Structure Formula:
H(CH₃)₂SiO-[(CH₃)₂SiO]ₙ-Si(CH₃)₂H

. Chemical Properties:

Chain Growth/End-Capping: Txhua lub molecule tsuas muaj ob qhov chaw tshuaj tiv thaiv (ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm cov saw hlau), ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov saw loj loj.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb: Tsis tas li ntawm hydrosilylation, tab sis feem ntau reacts nrog divinyl - tshem tawm cov roj silicone, tsis tu ncua elongating cov saw molecular thiab ua rau qhov hnyav molecular thiab viscosity ntawm cov khoom. Nws tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov kawg -capping tus neeg sawv cev, ua haujlwm nrog qhov kawg ntawm cov saw hlau polymer uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm (xws li hydroxyl, vinyl).

. Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:

Silicone Oil Chain Extension: Reacts nrog ,ω-divinyl polydimethylsiloxane los ua ke cov roj silicone nrog cov hnyav dua molecular thiab cov viscosities tshwj xeeb.

Synthesis of block copolymers: Siv los npaj cov block copolymer xws li silicone-polyurethane thiab silicone-epoxy resins, ua cov ntu mos lossis hloov kho kom txhim kho cov khoom nto ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (xws li, hnov, puas ntsoog).

Kev hloov pauv rau cov ntaub ntawv polymer: Siv los xaus -cap lossis graft polymers los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, imparting hydrophobic, lubricating, thiab lwm yam khoom.

3. Terminal Hydrogen-muaj tsawg-Hydrogen Silicone Roj

. Molecular Structure Yam ntxwv:
Qhov no yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm sab-hydrogen thiab davhlau ya nyob twg hydrogen hom. Nws cov saw molecular muaj ob sab -H pawg thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg Si-H pawg.

Simplified Structure Formula (Piv txwv):
H(CH₃)₂SiO-[(CH₃)₂SiO]ₐ-[(CH₃)HSiO]ₑ-Si(CH₃)₂H

. Chemical Properties:

Ua ke Crosslinking thiab Chain Extension Functions: Lub davhlau ya nyob twg Si-H pab pawg tuaj yeem ua cov saw loj, thiab sab -H pawg tuaj yeem ua crosslinking.

Flexible Functions: Nws cov khoom nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov sab -hydrogen thiab terminal hydrogen, tso cai rau kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm nws cov reactivity thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom kawg raws li qhov sib piv ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg rau sab hydrogens hauv kev tsim qauv molecular.

. Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:

High-Kev Ua Haujlwm Silicone Roj Hmab: Hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb ntxiv roj hmab formulations, nws muaj peev xwm ib txhij koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm saw thiab crosslinking, pab mus tsim ib tug ntau yam elastomer network nrog zoo mechanical zog.

Tshwj xeeb resins thiab coatings: Siv nyob rau hauv complex systems uas yuav tsum tau ob qho tib si molecular saw extension thiab nruab nrab cross-txuas mus cuag ib tug tshwj xeeb sib npaug ntawm hardness, toughness, thiab adhesion.

Adhesives: Raws li cov khoom siv reactive, lawv muab lub zog cohesive thiab kev sib raug zoo.

Summary and Comparison Table

Cov Ntsiab Cai Xaiv

Thaum xaiv hom twg qis -hydrogen silicone roj siv, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum xav txog:

Yuav Tsum Muaj Kev Ua Haujlwm: Puas yog tsim nyog los tsim peb lub - qhov sib txuas (kev sib txuas, xaiv sab hydrogens), lossis txuas ntxiv cov saw hlau molecular (cov saw txuas ntxiv, xaiv lub davhlau ya nyob twg hydrogens), lossis ob qho tib si (xaiv lub davhlau ya nyob twg sab hydrogens)?

Reactivity thiab Crosslinking Density: Cov ntsiab lus hydrogen ntau dua tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm sib cuam tshuam ntau dua, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob feem ntau nyuaj dua.

Controllability ntawm Molecular Structure: Terminal hydrogen structures tau zoo-txhais tau thiab tsim nyog rau kev sib txuas cov polymers nrog zoo - cov qauv tsim.