Ethyleneamine series khoom xa mus rau acyclic polymer cov khoom ntawm ethylenediamine, xws li diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, thiab lwm yam., thiab cyclic amines xws li piperazine, ammonia ethylamine, thiab lwm yam Basepiperazine, hydroxyethylpiperazine thiab lwm yam.
Lub cev muaj zog ntawm ntau yam khoom siv vinylamine tau qhia hauv qab no:
Khoom siv
Tsawg molecular hnyav polyamide cob(Tag nrho cov high-carbon vinylamines nyob rau hauv lub vinylamine series yuav ua tau tsawg-molecular-yuag polyamide resins-low-molecular-yuag polyamide resins yog polycondensed los ntawm dimer acid thiab diamine los yog ethylene polyamine)
Tshuaj tua kab(Ethyleneamine feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj dithiocarbamate fungicides hauv tshuaj tua kab)
Tshuaj kho mob(Tsuas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov aminophylline, metronidazole, thiab lwm yam., feem ntau yog cov tshuaj ib txwm siv)
Surfactant(Polyethylene polyamine thiab fatty acid tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam cationic surfactants, uas yog siv rau hauv tshuaj zawv plaub hau, textile softener thiab lwm yam kev lag luam)
Lubricant additives（Polymethacrylimide tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm reacting tetraethylenepentamine, triethylenetetramine thiab lwm yam hauv qab distillation nrog polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj ashless dispersive detergent additive hauv tsheb roj)
Daim ntawv ntub lub zog tus neeg sawv cev(Polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin PPE ua los ntawm diethylenetriamine los yog polyamide thiab epichlorohydrin yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntub lub zog tus neeg sawv cev rau papermaking)
Epoxy curing tus neeg sawv cev(Cov epoxy resin curing tus neeg sawv cev npaj los ntawm kev hloov kho vinylamine tuaj yeem siv dav hauv ntau cov nplaum,sealants, me me castings, laminated cov ntaub ntawv thiab chav kub curing coatings, thiab lwm yam. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm vinylamine siv nyob rau hauv epoxy resin curing agents: Vinylamine yog ib tug uas tsis muaj viscosity kua, uas yuav ua tau zoo miscible nyob rau hauv epoxy resin; vinylamine tuaj yeem kho tau ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab cov txheej txheem yooj yim; multifunctional amino pawg nyob rau hauv vinylamine tsis muaj steric hindrance thiab muaj siab reactivity; vinylamine reacts dawb do cua sov kom ceev kho)
Spandex polymerization(Diethylenetriamine plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv spandex polymerization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li cov hlau chelating tus neeg sawv cev los yog tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas. EDTA muaj cov amino functional pawg, thiab ib leeg ib khub ntawm electrons ntawm lub nitrogen atom muaj ib tug tej yam muaj peev xwm los chelate hlau ions, uas muaj peev xwm clathrate hlau ions rau hauv diethylenetriamine, nws ua ib tug ruaj khov compound, yog li tiv thaiv cov hlau ions los ntawm acting. Yog li, DETA tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev hlau chelating hauv spandex, tseem hu ua viscosity stabilizer. Thaum txuas cov saw hlau, siv EDA, PDA thiab Ib qho me me ntawm DETA yog cov saw txuas txuas ntxiv. Los ntawm kev ntxiv DETA, tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas nrog peb pawg ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj sib txuas sib txuas cov ntsiab lus hauv spandex molecule tau nce ntxiv rau kev siv asymmetric amines xws li 1,2-propylenediamine (PDA). Ua rau poob ntawm spandex lub zog thiab kub tsis kam. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv DETA rau diamine los yog diol chain extender pab tswj cov viscosity ntawm cov polymer, kom lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua kom lub spinning ceev yuav ua tau tiav los ntawm kev nce lub polymer concentration. DETA cross-links polymers los tsim cov qauv saw hlau ntawm cov polymers, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim cov hydrogen bonds ntawm polymer molecules, yog li nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov viscosity tom ntej ntawm cov khoom siv polymerization, thiab tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj cov concentration ntawm cov khoom lag luam. tshuaj rau polyurethane elastic fiber ntau lawm thiab stability.)
Lwm yam(Vinylamine kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv cov organic synthesis, hluavtaws roj hmab accelerator, av txias, thiab hauv kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov hlau)
Synthetic Txoj Kev
Feem ntau muaj ob txoj kev hluavtaws ntawm vinylamine, uas yog txoj kev dichloroethane thiab ethanolamine txoj kev.
Txoj kev dichloroethane feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ncaj qha ntawm dichloroethane thiab ammonia kua theem nyob rau hauv lub siab tsis siv lub catalyst, thiab ib qho kev tawm los ntawm ethylenediamine yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 40 feem pua thiab 70 feem pua. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
Ⅰ: CICH2CH2Cl plus 2NH3 → NH2CH2CH2NH2 · 2HCI
Ⅱ: CICH2CH2CI plus NH2CH2CH2NH2 · 2HCI plus 2NH3 → NH4CI plus NH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2 · 3HCI
Ⅲ: CICH2CH2CI plus NH3 → CICH=CH2 plus NH4CI
Cov tshuaj ammonification ntawm dichloroethane yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai thiab exothermic, thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb ethylenediamine yog cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov ethylenediamine tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog yooj yim tshaj inorganic ammonia, yog li nws yuav txuas ntxiv mus nrog dichloroethane los ua Diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA) thiab lwm yam polyethylene polyamines.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev dichloroethane yog cov khoom siv raw yooj yim kom tau, tsis muaj catalyst, thiab cov khoom lag luam xws li polyethylene polyamine thiab piperazine yog cov khoom muaj nqis ntxiv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm ethylene amine txawv teb chaws. . Cov tuam txhab xws li AKZO hauv Sweden, Delamine hauv Holland thiab Tosoh hauv Nyij Pooj tau txais cov qauv no rau kev tsim khoom.
Txoj kev ethanolamine tau muab faib ua cov txheej txheem txo cov amination thiab cov txheej txheem condensation. Cov catalysts coj los kuj tau muab faib ua ob hom raws li lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism. Ib qho yog reductive amination catalyst, uas feem ntau yog siv cov hlau lossis hlau oxides ntawm Pawg VIIIB thiab Pab Pawg IB ua cov khoom siv catalyst. , thiab lwm yam yog cov khoom siv acid condensation catalyst, uas feem ntau yog siv Lewis acid, protonic acid, heteropoly acid thiab molecular sieve ua cov khoom siv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov ethylenediamine los ntawm kev siv ethanolamine thiab ammonia ua raw cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov kua qaub catalyst muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tshua muaj siab, cov khoom lag luam siab thiab cov pa phem tsawg, thiab maj mam dhau los ua tus qauv ntawm kev txhim kho yav tom ntej.
