Cov txheej txheem olefin suav nrog ntau cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb, thiab cov hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus luv luv:
Ua ntej, kev tsim cov olefin feem ntau yog ua los ntawm hydrocarbon cracking. Txoj kev no siv cov naphtha, roj av liquefied, ethane, thiab lwm yam, raws li cov ntaub ntawv raw, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias tsis tshua muaj siab, cov hydrocarbon tebchaw raug faib ua me me molecules, yog li tsim olefin. Hydrocarbon cracking txoj kev muaj kev lag luam zoo hauv kev tsim cov pa roj carbon tsawg xws li ethylene thiab propylene.
Tom qab ntawd, tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawg, cov khoom tsim tawm yog cov sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj olefins thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Lub sijhawm no, lub hom phiaj cov khoom lag luam olefin yuav tsum tau muab rho tawm los ntawm kev sib tov los ntawm kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub. Kev sib cais yog ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem olefin, thiab feem ntau siv txoj kev sib cais muaj xws li distillation, adsorption thiab extraction. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem distillation, cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus kub hauv qhov sib tov yog sib cais los ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias thiab lwm yam, thiaj li kom tau txais cov khoom purity olefin ntau dua.
Refining yog cov kauj ruam kawg hauv cov txheej txheem olefin, thiab nws lub hom phiaj yog los txhim kho cov purity thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom olefin. Cov txheej txheem refining muaj xws li cov kauj ruam xws li desulfurization, tshem tawm nitrogen, lub cev qhuav dej thiab degassing. Desulphurization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm sulfide los ntawm cov khoom olefin. Cov kev siv feem ntau suav nrog oxidative desulphurization thiab adsorption desulphurization. Nitrogen tshem tawm yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm nitride los ntawm cov khoom olefin. Cov kev siv feem ntau suav nrog adsorption thiab oxidation. Lub cev qhuav dej yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm cov dej los ntawm cov khoom siv olefin, feem ntau siv txoj hauv kev suav nrog lub cev qhuav dej thiab adsorption lub cev qhuav dej. Degassing yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm cov roj impurity los ntawm cov khoom olefin. Cov kev siv feem ntau suav nrog adsorption degassing thiab txias degassing.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim cov olefin, xws li cawv dehydrogenation, aldehyde condensation, Williamson synthesis, wax cracking, ethylene oligomerization thiab zaub roj. Cov txheej txheem no muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom sib txawv.
Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm olefin yog txheej txheem nyuaj thiab muag heev uas yuav tsum tau tswj cov txheej txheem nruj thiab cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem no, olefin cov khoom tuaj yeem raug muab rho tawm los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw, muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam tshuaj.
